Dynorphin: Comprehensive Research Guide

Overview

Dynorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide that preferentially binds to kappa-opioid receptors. Unlike other opioids that produce euphoria, dynorphin activation of kappa receptors can produce dysphoria. It plays important roles in pain modulation, stress responses, and mood regulation.

Mechanism of Action

Kappa-Opioid Receptor Activation

• **Kappa Receptors': Preferentially activates kappa-opioid receptors
• **Pain Modulation': Modulates pain perception
• **Dysphoria': Can produce dysphoric effects
• **Stress Response': Involved in stress responses

Physiological Roles

• **Pain Control': Involved in pain control pathways
• **Stress': Plays roles in stress responses
• **Mood': Involved in mood regulation
• **Addiction': Plays roles in addiction mechanisms

Research Applications

Pain Research

• **Pain Mechanisms': Research into pain pathways
• **Chronic Pain': Research into chronic pain conditions
• **Analgesia': Research into pain relief mechanisms

Behavioral Research

• **Stress': Research into stress responses
• **Mood Disorders': Research into mood conditions
• **Addiction': Research into addiction mechanisms

Dosage

• **Research': Dose-dependent, protocols vary
• **Administration': Intracerebroventricular
• **Half-Life': Short half-life

Side Effects

• **Dysphoria': Can produce dysphoric effects
• **Research Only': Research use only

This information is for research and educational purposes only.