LL-37: Comprehensive Research Guide

Overview

LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP). It is a 37-amino acid peptide derived from the C-terminal domain of the human cathelicidin antimicrobial protein (hCAP18). LL-37 plays a crucial role in innate immune defense and has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

Mechanism of Action

Antimicrobial Activity

• Bacteria: Effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
• Viruses: Antiviral activity against various viruses
• Fungi: Antifungal properties
• Membrane Disruption: Disrupts microbial cell membranes

Immune Modulation

• Chemotaxis: Attracts immune cells to infection sites
• Cytokine Production: Modulates inflammatory responses
• Wound Healing: Promotes tissue repair
• Angiogenesis: Supports blood vessel formation

Research Applications

Antimicrobial Research

• Infection Treatment: Potential treatment for bacterial infections
• Antiviral: Research into viral infection treatment
• Wound Healing: Accelerates wound closure
• Biofilm Disruption: Breaks down bacterial biofilms

Immune System Research

• Immunomodulation: Modulates immune responses
• Autoimmune: Research into autoimmune conditions
• Inflammation: Anti-inflammatory properties

Dosage

• Topical: 50-200 mcg applied to affected area
• Intranasal: 100 mcg for respiratory infections
• Subcutaneous: 50-100 mcg for systemic effects
• Frequency: Once to twice daily

Side Effects

• Minimal: Generally well-tolerated
• Local Irritation: Possible at application site
• Immune Activation: May cause mild immune responses

This information is for research and educational purposes only.