metabolicMolecular Weight: 4186.6

Exendin-4

Exenatide

A GLP-1 receptor agonist originally derived from Gila monster venom. Approved for type 2 diabetes treatment with twice-daily or once-weekly formulations.

Mechanism

GLP-1 receptor agonist derived from Gila monster venom. Enhances insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, delays gastric emptying, and promotes satiety.

Half-Life

2.4 hours

Administration

Subcutaneous

Technical Protocol

Exendin-4: Comprehensive Research Guide

Overview

Exendin-4 (marketed as Exenatide/Byetta/Bydureon) is a 39-amino acid peptide originally isolated from the saliva of the Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum). It acts as a GLP-1 receptor agonist and was the first incretin mimetic approved for type 2 diabetes treatment.

Mechanism of Action

GLP-1 Receptor Agonism

Insulin Secretion: Enhances glucose-dependent insulin release
Glucagon Suppression: Reduces glucagon secretion
Gastric Emptying: Delays gastric emptying
Appetite: Promotes satiety

Key Features

Resistance to DPP-4: Not degraded by DPP-4 enzyme (unlike native GLP-1)
Extended Action: Longer half-life than native GLP-1
Weight Loss: Promotes significant weight loss

Research Applications

Type 2 Diabetes

Glycemic Control: Effective HbA1c reduction
Weight Management: Promotes weight loss
Beta Cell Function: May preserve beta cell function
Cardiovascular: Research into cardiovascular benefits

Dosage

Byetta: 5-10 mcg twice daily
Bydureon: 2 mg once weekly
Administration: Subcutaneous injection

Side Effects

GI Effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Hypoglycemia: Risk when combined with other diabetes medications
Pancreatitis: Rare but serious risk

This information is for research and educational purposes only. Exendin-4 is a prescription medication.

Peer-Reviewed Citations

Exenatide once weekly versus twice daily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes

Drucker DJ, et al. • Lancet (2008)

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Exendin-4?

A GLP-1 receptor agonist originally derived from Gila monster venom. Approved for type 2 diabetes treatment with twice-daily or once-weekly formulations.

How does Exendin-4 work?

GLP-1 receptor agonist derived from Gila monster venom. Enhances insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, delays gastric emptying, and promotes satiety.

What is the typical dosage of Exendin-4 in research?

The typical research dosage of Exendin-4 is 5-10 mcg (range: 5-10 mcg). Common administration routes include Subcutaneous.

How should Exendin-4 be stored?

Store at 2-8°C, do not freeze

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